We know of Philip Nord’s impressive work on twentieth-century France, but less well do we know of his interest in art. Here, he takes two examples drawn from different eras–late nineteenth-century Impressionism and the post-1945 decentralization of French theater—in order to clarify the terms and conditions for “democratic art.” Such art, which broke with all that preceded it, was in turn to be overtaken by new, more elitist and revolutionary conceptions.